Wednesday, October 12, 2011

Sensitivity of film or sensor


The light sensitivity of film and the sensor is now predominantly in ISO specified. The number of common values is:

ISO 100 - 200 - 400-800

Here, the ascending sequence of numbers is not only mathematically, a doubling of the previous value, but a film with the next highest ISO rating is twice as light sensitive as the previous, in reverse order of half as sensitive to light.

The choice depends on the sensitivity of the first subject contrast from. Is the difference between light (not white) and shade (not black) in the motif very large, it therefore has a large number of finely differentiated shades, choose the higher sensitivity, because it has a flatter gradation exhibits and play thus finer detail in the situation. Accordingly, low subject contrast when one chooses a low sensitivity, because the gradation is steeper and has less differentiated nuances.

Increases with increasing sensitivity but at the appearance of his films graininess in digital cameras, the image noise . Therefore, should be sufficient and are elected only in exceptional situations, a low sensitivity, such as when documents scanned or contrast with creative viewpoint only a few details to be played or the recording light is too strong, high sensitivity, for most subjects, a mean value from the above series of numbers when the recording light is too weak.

If the sensitivity of the recording medium once firmly determined, only the values of aperture and exposure time.
Aperture is usually made even a single thin plate opening formed in the lenses , whose diameters are often enlarged by turning a ring on the outside of the lenses or zoom can. Then said aperture , the ratio of aperture to focal length of an optical system. A telephoto lens for example from 50 mm free aperture (D) and 200 mm focal length (f) has the diaphragm D: f = 50: 200 = 1: 4, also f / written 4th The opening itself is in contrast to other optical devices in the photographic lens is not specified because it is for the photographic practice without any further meaning. Called only focal length and aperture, ie: 200 mm - f / 4, where the panel stated (here 4), the largest of the adjustable lens and thus its luminosity known. Conventional panels are:

f / 1,4 - 2 to 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 - 8 - 11 - 16 - 22

Here are small f-numbers - so big openings - only achievable with fixed focal lengths. Intermediate stages are possible, as many zoom lenses have a maximum aperture of f / 3.5, which corresponds to the level between 2,8 and 4.

Since the aperture is a reciprocal value, represents a large, wide-open aperture, a small aperture and a small, tightly closed aperture a large aperture. In the specified order from level to level, the aperture of the lens and thus halve the exposure to the recording medium acting, doubled in the reverse order. We are talking about the difference in the exposure that comes with adjusting to a panel concluded, as the aperture value, and exposure value (EV) called. Thus corresponds to an aperture of a light sensitivity level. Therefore, a picture can, for example, which was exposed at ISO 400 and aperture 16 may be made at a constant exposure time exposure with the same result even with ISO 200 and aperture 11th

The panel serves not only the exposure, but it also defines the depth in the image. Should stand out from the object to be photographed blurred background, choose a large aperture. If, by contrast from foreground to background in the field are equally into it, take a small aperture.

The stopping of a lens can not be operated at will, because its optical resolution is proportional to its aperture ratio (D f). The larger the aperture and the smaller the focal length, the greater the resolution. With the closing of the aperture is at a constant focal length and therefore the resolving power of the lens is reduced. The situation is similar with the resolution of a film or sensor, which corresponds to its granularity or the number of its pixels. The more fine-grained the better the resolution. Comparing the resolving power of the lens and the medium together, it usually arrives at aperture 16 in the range where the resolution of the lens undermines the resolution of the recording material. General Image blur is the result.


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Definitions of marriage


Marriage is historically and religiously, the “union of one man and one woman “. It is the solemn and formal act which established between a married couple living community called “family "(or home , fire , cleaning ...) whose goal is symbolic or actual meeting of man and woman and the education of children born to the couple. In traditional societies, marriage is the implicit alliance between two families or two clans.

For several years, ten Western countries, and six states in the United States and the City of Mexico, have also provided the possibility of gay marriage. The Quebec Termium gives a broader definition of marriage as "the lawful union of two people, usually men and women, as provided by law to live together”. Similarly, the 2011 edition of Webster's defines marriage as "the lawful union of two persons as provided by law" and cites the "gay marriage".

Next to the wedding, there are other forms of union: the cohabitation is a form of informal association of a couple whiles the civil union (eg in France called PACS), onset offers a formalization of the torque effects generally more limited than marriage. 

Marriage is an institution that has taken many forms in different people and in history. Universally designed to punish a framework dedicated to the development of the family , marriage gives special status to husband: it empowers the person, who became major , and gives her obligations to her husband, her future offspring and family spouse. The institution of marriage still gives rise to a ceremonial public, often at a party , the whole being called " marriage " . Marriage has a legal as well as ritual (secular or religious). In countries where political institutions are separate from religious institutions, there are the civil marriage of religious marriage (which usually requires a civil marriage first).

In some cases, spouses cannot remarry until the first is valid, it is called system monogamous. This type of union, required since ancient times, as the Gallic tradition, which by tradition Christian, is found in the positive law of all countries in Europe. In other times and other places, marriage may be contracted simultaneously with several people at once, the system is then said polygamous. In a number of countries, especially African and Arab to Muslim culture, but also among the Mormons in the nineteenth century who practiced plural marriage, polygamous marriage is between a man with several women: the polygyny . The polyandry is the marriage of a woman with several men, a type of polygamous unions practiced in some countries in Asia.

The marriage was at all times one of the main themes of inspiration from painting, sculpture, mythology, literature, novels, folk tales, music, dramatic arts, song, the opera and comic opera, the singers. It was the subject of considerable study in the field of legal history, comparative law, sociology and ethnology.
The concept of marriage encompasses several realities:
Marriage is both a personal act and a social act.

He brought a mixed, both institutional and contractual.
This union can be civil when it is recorded by a registrar appointed by the state or religious when it is recorded by the priest of a religion.

Marriage is always a commitment for an unlimited period, with the possibility of rupture, either by separation or the divorce. It is not accepted by some religions, like Catholicism, which admits only the annulment of the marriage in particular because of imperfect consent of the spouses or lack of consumption.

Marriage means in principle a community of life, that is to say, to live together and have sex , their inability or refusal may be, by country and period, a cause of cancellation or divorce.

As he sealed a lasting union, the marriage can be made to serve political purposes (alliances between lineages or tribes, seal peace between two kingdoms ...) or economic (transfer of property, obtaining capital, a dot).

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Video technology sensitometry

The term sensitometry is to DIN standard 19 040 (part 12) defines as: "Investigation of the properties of radiation-sensitive photographic materials and the various steps of the photographic process."

Especially in photography and in film and video technology sensitometry is the collective name for methods of measurement, with those properties, such as the sensitivity of photographic materials can be determined. Particular term for the measurement of light sensitivity of photographic papers.

As is known in the sensitometry photographic technique and the pre-press to measure the light sensitivity of a light-sensitive emulsion , eg a film or a plate .

Simply explained: sensitometry is concerned with what made for an effect of light on the photographic paper or film.

A variant of the sensitometry Farbsensitometrie at which the spectral response is measured.

Literature
* Ansel Adams :

o The camera . Christian publishing house, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-88472-070-8 , ( The New Ansel Adams Photo Library ), (English edition The Camera . Bulfinch Press, Boston MA et al 1995, ISBN 0-8212-2184-1 , ( Ansel Adams Photography Series )).

o The negative . Christian publishing house, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-88472-071-6 , ( The New Ansel Adams Photo Library ), (English edition: The Negative Bulfinch Press, Boston MA et al 1995. ISBN 0-8212-2186-8 , ( Ansel Adams Photography Series )).

o The positive. The photographic image as positive . Christian publishing house, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-88472-072-4 , ( The New Ansel Adams Photo Library ).

* Josef Maria Eder : Comprehensive Handbook of Photography . Volume 3, Part 4: The sensitometry, photographic photometry and spectrography. (The Schwärzungsgesetze photographic layers, intense light sources, examination of sensitivity, gradation of the playing area of exposure, the copy of the scope and focus. Sensitometry of X-rays) .

3rd completely reworked and enlarged edition. Knapp, Halle (Saale), 1930th

* Hans Arens: color metrics . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1951, ( Scientia Photographica. Monographs of the total area of scientific photography 1, ZDB-ID 537570-8 ).

* Jost J. Marchesi: Ilford negative technique . Verlag Photographie, Gilching 1995, ISBN 3-933131-23-5.

The Densitometry is the quantitative Measurement the color density (Solid density), Ie the amount of ink per unit area. Here are LevelsBut no Shades determined. Densitometry is used in the Photography and Reproductive Technology used treatment, providing for quality assurance.

The word "densitometry" is also used to Bone density measurementThat bone densitometry is used. This is an investigation to determine whether a patient has Osteoporosis (Bone loss) is suffering.

Densitometry is based on the Linearity between the amount of color and optical density. The more color, the less light is reflected or transmitted.

Principle: A measuring instrument is first calibrated on the carrier medium to an untreated point to zero. Then it emits light of a precisely defined Wavelength on the color layer. The light penetrates the paint layer and it is filtered, which eliminated certain wavelengths or in their Intensity (physics) be reduced.

The remaining light is from the (mostly white) substrate either reflected and again passes through the color layer, or in the case of a transparent medium (film, foil, ...), occurs on the back again. Now the quantity of light and light can type in the meter photoelectric be measured. The Reflectivity value R, Or Transmission value T can be determined.

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Wednesday, May 4, 2011

Quotes SMS-Famous Quotes SMS-Motivational Quotes SMS-Wisdom Quotes

Convince yourself that you are the best.. Rather than spending the rest of your life convincing it to others. *good morning*

Success is like ur shadow..if u will try to catch ,u will not succeed,, walk on ur own path,.it will surely follow u.. *GM* Attitude is like posing 4 pics, We pose d way we want 2 b seen by others.. But stolen shots are berrer, they capture what we really are..

1.Argument May Win D situation, Bt lose D persn. 2.Patience May Lose the situation, Bt wins D Person. -LORD MAHAVIR

A small dot can stop a big sentence.But few more dots can give continuity.Amazing but true"every ending can B a new beginning".good morning.

A great man said :- "To be d Subject of Jealousy is d sign of Failure in Life.! And, To be d Object of Jealousy is d sign of Success in Life" Gud morning

No one can destroy IRON, but its own rust can Likewise no one can destroy us, but our own mindset can Only our THOUGHTS can change our Life. *good morning*

GRT THOUGHT BY LORD MAHAVEER Insan ko Bolna Sikhne Me 2 Saal Lagte He Lekin KYA Bolna he Ye Sikhne Me Puri Jindgi Nikal Jati He So b carful abt WRDS.

'Enjoy every moment of life.. B'cause.. Today's newspaper~will become tomorrow's waste paper. Thats life. Gud nite....

The main difference btwn Attitude and Ego is that: "Attitude makes u to defer frm others, While Ego makes u alone frm others.." Tk care.

End is not the end,infact E.N.D. Is "Effort Never Dies" & If u get No in any answer, remember NO is "Next Oppurtunity". So always be positive..

Waves are inspiring not because they rise and fall But because each time they fall, they never fail to rise again.Support Mr.ANNA HAJARE he deserve it...

Two rules to follow for peaceful life- 'Failure' should never go to HEART. & 'Success' should never go to HEAD. *good morning*

"Don't get Discouraged. Generally Its Last Key in the Bunch That Opens the LOCK..." :) :D *good morning*

Live LIFE Like A Pair Of Walking Leg-The Foot That's Forward Has No Pride & Foot Behind Has No Shame Bcoz They Both Know Their Situation Will Change.

"Opportunities never come to those who wait... they are captured by those who dare to attack." *good morning*

Even A Big Pot Full Of Watr Can Be Emptied By A Small Hole. Similarly A Little Anger Or Ego Can Burn Up All The Nobility Of A Good Relation. *good morning*

Helping hands are always better than Praying lips. *good morning*

GM, Great Line: "Never raise your voice, Just improve the quality of your argument..."

#Every day is special if u THINK so. #Every moment is Memorable if u FEEL so. #Every one is unique if u see so. #Life is Beautiful if u live so. *good morning*

The most valuable thing I have learned from life is to regret nothing.Have a great noon & enjoy cricket match today...

*Good Morning* You only have to do a very FEW things RIGHT in your life, SO long AS you don't DO TOO many things WRONG... - Warren Buffet.

Little keys can open big locks, Simple words can express great thoughts, Hope my simple wish makes ur day Great. Hv nice day. . . . !

Powerful Quote:- "Like All""Luv One" "Trust Few" "Follow None" But learn gud things frm every one. Be unique.

Zen proverb: Knowledge is learning something everyday. Wisdom is letting go of something everyday. *good morning*

------- A true quote !! . . . . . . . . . . . . "If silence is so Golden, Then y we all get so Hurt when ppl dnt talk 2 us...?? ..

Life is all about a card game. Choosing the right cards is not in our hand. But playing well with the cards in hand, determines our Success. *GOOD MORNING*

"Never calculate a person on his present position.... bcoz Time has the power to change an invaluable stone into a valuable diamond.

Future is not what we planned for tomorrow . . . . It is the result of what we do today... So Do the best in present and Enjoy the future... GOOD MORNING...

BEST THOUGHT: \"Do Nt Expect ThE CiRcUmStAnCeS To bE aLwAyS iN yOuR FaVoUr..!! Bcz tHiS WoRlD Has Nt bEeN cReAtEd FoR yOu AlOnE..!!

If your cup is overflowing, do not start drinking from your saucer. Share it with others. (Applies to everything Wealth,happiness & knowledge) *good morning*

"Argument Is Bad, But, Discussion Is Good, Because, ARGUMENT Is To Find Out WHO IS RIGHT "N" DISCUSSION Is To Find Out WHAT IS RIGHT. :D:(:)

Good night:- Life sometimes takes unknown turn, dont be afraid to travel it. Someday that turn will take you to untouched heights on top of the world. GD NITE..

A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor's book : irish proverb. *good morning*

The plus symbol is made with a pair of minus symbols. All negative things can be shaped as positive.. So be Positive always and walk ahead in Life. Good Morning

Our lives improve only when we take chances - & The First & most difficult risk we can take is to be honest with ourselves.

A great thought from QURAN: He deserves paradise. Who makes his companions laugh. *good morning*

Nly ppl who r below ur STNDRD comnt on u Bt who R AbOve u,dey jst smiLe at uR mistks So nxt tyM iF sUm1 comnts oN u, JsT giV dem ur smile. so nvr b hurt some 1

A combination of right knowledge and right actions. helps us to earn wealth - Rig Veda. *good morning*

A very nice one: "I'm only responsible for what I SAY.... Not what you understand..."

Good Night SMS-Gud Night SMS-GN SMS-Gud Nght SMS-Night SMS-GUD 9ite SMS

Palko pr dastak dene koi khwab ane wala he,khbar mili wo khwab sach hone wala he,humne kaha uski palko pr ja,jo dost mera abhi sone wala he . Good NI8

"Nightis a Gud Time to "Remember"All the Sweet Things & All Sweet friends in Your "LiFE" like m doing now So Sleep Well Wit ur "SWEET MEMORIES" "Gud 9ite"

Aaj rat aapko machar nhi katega Coz My 'GUDNIGHT' Wil tak cre of U But, Cheeti kaat sakti hai.! Coz I Wish u very 'SWEET' SWEET DREAm.:-) Waqt hai sone ka, meethe sapno me khone ka, to sab kuch chhodo or blanket odho, light ko karo off, eyes karo lock, or sweet dreams ko karo knock knock...Gnite

Mohabbat ka irada badal jana b mushkil h,unhe khona b mushkil h or pana b mushkil h,Zara si baat pr naraz hokr baith jate h wo.,.use to apne dil ka haal batana b mushkil h..udasi uske chehre pr gavara nhi lekin, uski khatir sitare tod kr lana b mushkil h,yaha logo ne khud pr itne prde daal rkhe h,kis k dil me kya h nzr ana b mushkil h,mana k khwab me mulaqat hogi unse,pr yaha to USKE bina neend ana b mushkil h..

Raat ka Chand Aasman Me Nikal Aaya he Sath Me Apne Taro Ki Baarat Laya he Jara Aasman Ki Our To Dekho Wo Tumhe Hamari Our Se"GOOD NIGHT" Kahane Aaya he.gn.

Aapki Raat ki Acchi Shuruwat ho,Pyar bhare sapno ki barsat ho,Jin ko din bhar yad kerte rahe aap,Khuda kare sapno me unse mulakat ho.. GUDNIGHT..:-)

"GD NIGHT POEM" Touch ur heart, Close ur eyes, Mk a wish, Say gud nght, Sky so wide, Stars so bright, Off the lght, & sleep quite-quite. O my dear Good night!!

Is se pahle ki raat ho jaye,Koi hasin khwabo me kho jaye,Kyon na ek mulaqaat ho jaye,Apne cell se ek pyara sa msg kar do,Jis se shor bi na ho or baat bi ho jaye...Gudnite

Nikal aaya CHAND Bikhar gaye SITARE So gaye PANCHHI So gaye NAZARE Kho jao aap bhi Mithe khawabo me Dekho raat me Sapne PYARE PYARE.. Good night..

Time 2 Sleep, Kick ur Chappal Like a Football, . Walk 2wrds ur Bed Like a Model, . Jump on ur Bed Like a King & Sleep Like a Local Dog..! Wowwwwhh...:-o ;-) gd/\/yt
Sun rested in the west.. Birds returned to the nest.. Roads are turning quiet.. Moon is glittering bright.. I wish you a Lovely Night. Anmol..
Nikal aaya CHAND, bikhar gaye SITARE, so gaye PANCHI, so gaye NAZARE, kho jao tum bhi meethe khawabo me dekho raat me sapne PYARE-PYARE.
Good night in Paresh Rawal style:Sula de re deva sula de, mere ko nahi re baba SMS padhne wale ko, Hamesha ke liye nhi re deva, abhi ke lye sula de;-) Gud/\/yt

A very true thought: "Wenevr I wana fall in luv wid my books. My bed falls in luv wth me" n I believe,pyar usise karo jo tumse pyar kare. Isnt it! GOOD MORNING galti se GM Lik dia hai sö ja ö aapna hi desh hai. Night is longer than day for those who DREAM N day is longer than night for those who make their DREAMS come true. Gud/\/yt .:!i!i!i:. ('.')~!i!i!i!ii:. "" "" Hi! mai kachuaa hu Gud mg wish karne aaya tha, but i am too slow na to aate aate raat ho gayi so GUD NIGHT

Hi Moon!!! Dim ur light... Hello wind!!! Breeze soft... Hi Flower!!! Blossom slowly... Hello earth!!! Spin gently... Coz my frnd is goin to sleep... Gud/\/yt

Andhera Is Hoing Dogs R Bhunking Bats R Uding Stars R Timtimaing! N U R Still Jaging? Go2 Bed & Do Soing-Soing. Good Neend. Acche Drmz. Go"My $weet $m$. $weet"parson K Pas. $weet"$tyle K $ath. $weet"$mile K $ath. $weet"Mood K $ath. $weet $e Andaz Mein Kehna"$weet si Gudnite swtdrm tkcr

Yu Raat Ko Na Jago, So Liya Karo. Yu Aankho Me Aansu N Roko, Ro Liya Karo. Hair Style To Bahut Accha Bana Lete Ho. Kabhi Muh Bhi Dho Liya Kro. ~¤ Gud Night ¤~

Rat Ko Chupke Se Aati Hai 1 Pari, Kuch Khushiyo K Sapne Lati Hai Pari, Kehti Hai Sapno K Aagosh Me Kho Jao, or apne mithe sapno k sath Chupke Se So Jao. Gud/\/yt

Fan pe latki MUNDI,Khidki se tumhe dekhti AATMA,Bed k nicche baithi CHUDEL,Parde k picche sarkti LAASH,In sabki taraf dhyan na dekar..AARAM SE SONA.gn

Good Morning SMS-Gud Morning SMS-Morning SMS-GM SMS-GUD MRNG SMS

An Early Morning Message,Does Not Only Mean Good Morning.But Has A Silent Message Saying You Are My First Thought At Morning

SUBAH-SUBAH, Suraj ka Saath hai, Chahalte Parindo ki aawaz hai, Haath me Coffee aur Yaadon me aap hai, Is pyari si Subah ki kya baat hai.Good morning!

Good morning MY DEAR. Do U know what is MY DEAR... M-Myself Y-Yield D-Deeply & E-Emotionally to A-An R-Rare person, that is U. 'ΛΛ!Γ'

Khilkhilati subah Tazgi se bhra savera h, fulo or baharo ne Apke liye rang bikhera h, subah keh rahi hai jag jao, Apki muskurht k bina sab Adhura h.good morning

{@@} .*"*.*"*. '*.Pyari Si '*.SUBAH Me .*"*.*"*. '*.Thndi Thndi '*.Hawao Me .*"*.*"*. '*.Pyar Bhri '*.Duaon K Sath I wish u Good morning .

Morning is silent, morning is calm, morning is beautifil, but morning is not complete without wishing u good and wonderful day..:-)

Today wrap a rainbow of Joy in Ur heart, let d sun paint a Smile on Ur face, remove all clouds of doubt n fears n may u simply hav a Beautiful day GudM :-)

Subah-2 Suraj Ka 7 ho, GunGunate ParindoKi Aawaz Ho, HathMe Coffee Aur YaadoMe Koi Khas Ho, Is Khubsurat Subah Ki Paheli Yaad"AAP"ho. gud mrng
Dear customer ur sleeping time has expired. Now u can not use bed any more. To subscribe again please wait for night..so..Good morning. Hav a nice day...:)
Aankhe kholo subah ho chuki,saari duniya khoob so chuki,Ab aur na koi baat karo.Meri morning wish ke sath apne din ke shuruwat karo. Gm Subah ki hawaye,fulo ka basera.. Hamari dua hai,rahe Khuda ka pehra.. Gam na chue aap ko koi, Khushio ka ho dera.. Aap ko mubarak ho aaj Ka mahekta savera.GM
Subha ka musam or apki yaad. Halki si thandak or chy ki talash. Yaara de yaari or yaari ki mithash. Shuru kijiye apka din hmari gudmrng k sath..
Smile S- Sets u Free M-makes u Special I- Increases ur Face value L- Lift up ur Spirits E-erases all ur tensions So keep Smiling Everday GOOD MORNING..
Subah ka mausam aur apki yaad. Halki si thandak aur judaai ka ehsas. Dosto di dosti aur ye mithas. Shuru kijiye apna din meri good morning ke saath. G.M